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Can you give me a really classic and rational/prototypical example or hedging? Like is it be stretegically cynical/ Thinking in Bets?
The classic non-stock example is the apple farmer. Apple trees take a long time to grow, years before they produce any significant amount of apples.
Suppose I plant an orchard of the new Awesome Amy Apple trees. I'm betting those will really take off in two years, so they'll be really profitable. But since these apples are my entire income, and I'd rather not eat an entirely apple-based diet by then, I'm going to hedge my investment. I'm giving up some profit to reduce my risks.
I'm making a contract to sell half my apples for, say, 20 dollars per bucket. Now, they might be worth 40, but they might also be completely worthless if the Perfect Pete Apple becomes more popular. So I'm giving up some potential profit in exchange for certainty by hedging.
Another type of hedge would be me planting 75% Awesome Amy, and 25% Perfect Pete. I'm still assuming the alliteration will win the day, but by spreading my investment around, I'm reducing my risk.
To translate this to the stock market, the first examples would be to buy options for the future. The second example is simply spreading your investments.
Me reading this like "Noooo, if you plant Awesome Amy Apples you won't get Awesome Amy Apples, you have to graft Awesome Amy Apples branches onto existing apple trees to get Awesome Amy Apples!"
Does it at least take a long time, thereby not entirely ruining my analogy?
It doesn't ruin the analogy at all because you'd still need to plant apple trees to make an orchard! It's just that apples aren't true to seed so apple trees you plant give nasty apples. It's more of a fun fact about apples lol.