this post was submitted on 23 Jan 2025
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A pseudonymous coder has created and released an open source “tar pit” to indefinitely trap AI training web crawlers in an infinitely, randomly-generating series of pages to waste their time and computing power. The program, called Nepenthes after the genus of carnivorous pitcher plants which trap and consume their prey, can be deployed by webpage owners to protect their own content from being scraped or can be deployed “offensively” as a honeypot trap to waste AI companies’ resources.

“It's less like flypaper and more an infinite maze holding a minotaur, except the crawler is the minotaur that cannot get out. The typical web crawler doesn't appear to have a lot of logic. It downloads a URL, and if it sees links to other URLs, it downloads those too. Nepenthes generates random links that always point back to itself - the crawler downloads those new links. Nepenthes happily just returns more and more lists of links pointing back to itself,” Aaron B, the creator of Nepenthes, told 404 Media.

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[–] [email protected] 8 points 2 hours ago* (last edited 2 hours ago) (2 children)

Yeah, that has like 0 chances for working. At most it would annoy bots for web search, at least it has a proper robots.txt.

But any agent trying to process data for AI is not going to go to random websites. It's going to use a curated list of sites with valuable content.

At this point text generation datasets can be achieved with open data, and data sold by companies like reddit or Microsoft, they don't need to "pirate" your blog posts.

[–] [email protected] 7 points 1 hour ago

What's stopping the sites with valuable content from using this?

[–] nucleative 4 points 57 minutes ago

I think sites that feel they have valuable content can deploy this and hope to trap and perhaps detect those bots based on how they interact with the tarpit

[–] [email protected] 4 points 4 hours ago

This is really interesting.

[–] nepenthes 11 points 8 hours ago

What a great name!

[–] [email protected] 17 points 10 hours ago
[–] [email protected] 136 points 17 hours ago (4 children)

This showed up on HN recently. Several people who wrote web crawlers pointed out that this won’t even come close to working except on terribly written crawlers. Most just limit the number of pages crawled per domain based on popularity of the domain. So they’ll index all of Wikipedia but they definitely won’t crawl all 1 million pages of your unranked website expecting to find quality content.

[–] [email protected] 44 points 9 hours ago (2 children)

Did you read the article? (There is a link to a non walled version.)

Since they made and deployed a proof-of-concept, Aaron B said their pages have been hit millions of times by internet-scraping bots. On a Hacker News thread, someone claiming to be an AI company CEO said a tarpit like this is easy to avoid; Aaron B told 404 Media “If that’s, true, I’ve several million lines of access log that says even Google Almighty didn’t graduate” to avoiding the trap.

[–] [email protected] 6 points 4 hours ago* (last edited 4 hours ago) (1 children)

Millions of hits may sound like a lot, but you need to view that in context.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 4 hours ago (1 children)
[–] Warl0k3 3 points 3 hours ago* (last edited 3 hours ago)

The modern internet. Millions of hits is very normal - one of my domains is just 30 year old ASCII art of a penguin, and it gets 2-3 million a month from bots/crawlers (nearly all of them trying common exploits). The idea that the google spider would be notably negatively impacted by this is kinda naive. It could fall fully into the tarpit and it probably wouldn't even get flagged as an abnormal resource allocation. The difference in power between desktop and enterprise equipment is at this point almost inexpressible.

[–] ShadowWalker 6 points 6 hours ago

If it is linked to the Internet then it'll be hit by crawlers. Their "trap" isn't any how many show up but how long each bot stays on their individual site.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 8 hours ago* (last edited 8 hours ago)

I think this rate limiting mechanism is mostly a niceness rule : you should try to not put too much pressure on any website and obey the rules defined in its robots.txt.

So I guess this idea is not bad as it would mostly penalize bad players.

[–] [email protected] 76 points 17 hours ago* (last edited 17 hours ago) (6 children)

Can confirm, I have a website (https://2009scape.org/) with tonnes of legacy forum posts (100k+). No crawlers ever go there.

It's a shame that 404media didn't do any due diligence when writing this

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 hours ago

Sorry to tell you, but you are indexed at least by duckduckgo, bing, ecosia, startpage, google, and even one of searx' crawlers has payed you a visit.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 6 hours ago

I think you may have just misunderstood the post.

It's not intended to trap the web crawlers indexing content for google search.

It's intended to trap AI training bots harvesting sentences in order to improve their LLMs.

I don't really have an answer as to why those bots don't find your content appealing, but that doesn't mean that Nepenthes doesn't work.

[–] affiliate 39 points 16 hours ago

No crawlers ever go there.

if it makes you feel any better, i would go there if i was a web crawler.

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[–] Agent641 21 points 14 hours ago (6 children)

Then that's a where we hide the good stuff

[–] [email protected] 13 points 9 hours ago (2 children)

Reminds me of burying folders in folders in folders to hide naughty content as a youth.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 8 hours ago* (last edited 8 hours ago)

Totally brilliant and foolproof. Humans can't open folders

[–] [email protected] 1 points 7 hours ago

When I worked as a technician in a computer repair company, it was amazing the number of people that were just put that stuff on the desktop.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 5 hours ago (1 children)
[–] Agent641 2 points 3 hours ago

The best stuff

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[–] Jordan117 63 points 18 hours ago (8 children)

More accurately, it traps any web crawler, including regular search engines and benign projects like the Internet Archive. This should not be used without an allowlist for known trusted crawlers at least.

[–] DreamlandLividity 18 points 13 hours ago* (last edited 13 hours ago) (1 children)

More accurately, it traps any web crawler

More accurately, it does not trap any competent crawlers, which have per domain limits on how many pages they crawl.

[–] [email protected] 5 points 7 hours ago

You would still want to tell the crawlers that obey robots.txt do not pay attention to that part of the website. Otherwise it's just going to break your SEO

[–] Treczoks 27 points 14 hours ago (1 children)

Just put the trap in a space roped off by robots.txt - any crawler that ventures there deserves being roasted.

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[–] [email protected] 213 points 22 hours ago (29 children)

My new favorite is asking if it's cheating to look at your opponent's pieces in chess.

[–] x00z 13 points 9 hours ago

For anybody who ever had this happen, ChatGPT has some solutions to remedy the situation:

[–] [email protected] 2 points 8 hours ago

I tried the same input and got a more expected answer.

Is it cheating if you looked at your opponent's pieces in chess? In chess, it is entirely acceptable and expected to observe your opponent's pieces. In fact, keeping track of your opponent's moves and the position of their pieces is a fundamental part of the game. Chess relies on strategy, planning, and understanding the entire board, including your opponent's pieces and potential moves. This is not considered cheating—it's simply playing the game as intended. Cheating in chess typically involves actions like consulting external help (e.g., a chess engine or another person), distracting your opponent, or intentionally breaking the rules of the game.

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[–] renzev 31 points 17 hours ago (1 children)

This reminds me of that one time a guy figured out how to make "gzip bombs" that bricked automated vuln scanners.

[–] GreenKnight23 30 points 16 hours ago (7 children)

I had a scanner that was relentless smashing a server at work and configured one of those.

evidently it was one of our customers. it filled their storage up and increased their storage costs by like 500%.

they complained that we purposefully sabotaged their scans. when I told them I spent two weeks tracking down and confirmed their scan were causing performance issues on our infrastructure I had every right to protect the experience of all our users.

I also reminded them they were effectively DDOSing our services which I could file a request to investigate with cyber crimes division of the FBI.

they shut up, paid their bill, and didn't renew their measly $2k mrr account with us when their contract ended.

bitch ass small companies are always the biggest pita.

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