this post was submitted on 17 Nov 2024
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You know the Bank of Mum and Dad when you see it: it’s your friend who seems broke, but always has a safety net, or who suddenly (but discreetly) acquires the deposit for a home. It’s those who stayed with their parents while they saved for a flat, or stuck it out in a profession they were passionate about even though the wages are chronically low. It’s those who do not need to consider the financial costs of having children. It’s those whose grandparents are covering nursery or university fees, with the Bank of Grandma and Grandad already driving an economic wedge between different cohorts in generations Alpha (born between 2010 and 2024) and Z (born in the late 1990s and early 2000s).

This is the picture we know, but the Bank of Mum and Dad is not just a luxury confined to the 1% – it is also evident in families like mine. I grew up in a working-class household and was the first person in my family to get a degree, but it was the fact my parents had scrimped in the 1980s to purchase properties in London (and allowed me to crash in one throughout my 20s) that has arguably been the true source of opportunities in my life.

In recent years, we have rightly widened the conversation about privilege in society. And yet how honest are we about one of the most obvious forces shaping anyone under 45: the presence or absence of a parental safety net? The truth is that we live in an inheritocracy. If you’ve grown up in the 21st century, your opportunities are increasingly determined by your access to the Bank of Mum and Dad, rather than by what you earn or learn. The economic roots of this story go back to the 1980s, but it accelerated after the 2008 financial crisis, as private wealth soared and wage growth stalled. In the 2020s, rather than a meritocracy – where hard work pays off – we have evolved into an inheritocracy, based on family wealth.

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[–] FourPacketsOfPeanuts 50 points 1 month ago* (last edited 1 month ago) (3 children)

People should always have access to essentials, and I count an affordable reliable roof over their head as one of those things. But are we ever going to be able to change the fact that someone on the receiving end of three generations of doing moderately well in life is going to be massively more advantaged that someone whose parents were 4th and 5th in large poor families?

Someone's parents having even a modest home with a spare room in London puts them at a massive advantage over their peers who have to privately rent. But aside from ensuring the fundamentals are in place of affordable accessible homes, is there really any realistic way of nullifying that advantage and is it even right to do so?

[–] [email protected] 43 points 1 month ago (1 children)

aside from ensuring the fundamentals are in place of affordable accessible homes, is there really any realistic way of nullifying that advantage and is it even right to do so?

I don't think that's an aside, I think that's the key to solving a lot of problems with our current society. Give everyone a roof and enough nutritious food, and most people can figure out how to live their lives from there. The problem is that the lack of housing and food options forces people into low paying jobs with no upward mobility, and continues the cycle of poverty.

[–] FourPacketsOfPeanuts 6 points 1 month ago

I didn't write that as "an aside", I wrote "aside from". You need to read it as "besides". In the sense of "obviously this needs to be done fundamentally and as a priority, but besides that... etc".

[–] [email protected] 15 points 1 month ago* (last edited 1 month ago) (18 children)

Why shouldn't everyone have access to housing, food, education, tutoring, and transportation like those people who inherit from their parents?

The social impact of engaged parents can't be missed, but there's no reason why there should be a material aspect.

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[–] [email protected] 45 points 1 month ago (3 children)

"Abolish inheritance"

But what about my inheritance

*sigh*

[–] [email protected] 30 points 1 month ago* (last edited 1 month ago) (9 children)

Inheritance isn't the root problem. The problem is that the only people with any money are people who were able to save it decades ago. And that problem is because labor has been devalued, wages stagnated, and cost of living soared.

And all of that is because for the past 40 years or so, there has been more benefit to taking profits out of business than spending money within the business.

When you reach the top-tier income tax bracket, and the IRS starts taking 91% of your income beyond that level, $10,000 of business income is only worth $900 to you.

When your best employee wants a $10,000 raise, that money comes straight out of your "excess" earnings. It is $10,000 of your earnings that are not subject to taxation. Paying that $10,000 raise only costs you $900 once you reach that tax bracket.

But we don't have a 91% top-tier income tax bracket anymore. We had a punitively high top tier rate for most of the 20th century, but it got cut down in the 70's and slashed in the early 80's. Now, the top tier income tax bracket is just 37%. When you reach that bracket, giving your best employee a $10,000 raise takes $6700 out of your pocket, instead of just $900.

Reagan's views on the Laffer curve were correct: raising the tax rate beyond a certain point will actually reduce tax revenue. But tax revenue is not why we need the high rates. The benefit of high marginal tax rates comes from what business does to avoid them. We need to restore the business incentives that come with a punitively high top-tier income tax rate. We need businesses to increase their labor expenses to avoid that tier. Businesses should benefit the whole economy, not just the ownership class.

For similar reasons, we need taxes on registered securities, payable in shares of those securities. The shares collected as taxes will be liquidated in small lots over time, comprising no more than 1% of total traded volume, to limit their effect on the market. Exempt the first $10 million held by a natural person; tax everything above.

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[–] Sanguine 18 points 1 month ago (1 children)

They could be smart about it. No taxation on inheritance under 2 million (I'm pulling these #s from the sky). Anything over gets taxed progressively; if if these billionaires won't pay up during life we can grab it on the way out.

[–] [email protected] 33 points 1 month ago (1 children)

That's already a thing. The estate tax only kicks in over 5mil. It's typically dodged by putting all assets in trusts so that ownership never legally transfers it's the trust that owns them. Trusts being a legal vehicle don't die, and can have beneficiaries added and removed.

[–] Badeendje 14 points 1 month ago

So tax trusts..

[–] [email protected] 6 points 1 month ago (1 children)

That only accounts for a small portion of parental contribution and is easily avoidable by an early inheritance.

[–] [email protected] 7 points 1 month ago

Nobody bats an eye when you say, "early inheritance," but everyone gets sooo upset when I murder my parents

[–] [email protected] 20 points 1 month ago (1 children)

My parents blew up any inheritance I would've ended up with due to bad decisions and shit luck.

Now my mom depends on me during her final years as we cruise the stars in a two-bedroom apartment.

A lot of my friends live together and share rent. Some with their parents, and a minority got hitched and live with a spouse. It seems like a lot of people depend on small family groups these days.

[–] [email protected] 17 points 1 month ago (3 children)

Multigenerational homes, or living with a bunch of people, was the norm until less than a hundred years ago. It was only a brief period of time of immense economic and technological growth that we saw people living independently in large numbers. We're just watching a regression back to the mean. And I don't know how we avoid it with a growing population, and not everyone wanting or willing to live in a city.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 1 month ago (1 children)

Those tiny, single-person tubes in Japan where one just pays rent for a tube to sleep in and a storage unit would do me fine.

I'd sleep in a hollow log if it meant not sleeping there with another person.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 1 month ago

And this is why it's good to have a ton of different options - and preferably a society that accepts them all.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 1 month ago* (last edited 1 month ago)

Honestly, if you're family is okay, not living with them because you don't want to seem lame was always a dumb use of resources. That might be one of the stupidest things white people ever invented, and we did savoury salads embedded in jello.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 1 month ago (1 children)

Thing is, if I want to run around naked the whole day I want to be able to do that. If I come home absolutely shitfaced at 8am I don’t want my parents to comment on that. If I want to have loud sex I want to be able to do that. It used to be normal but it absolutely sucks to have no privacy and I don’t want to go back to that as a grown up.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 1 month ago

Maybe other than getting shit-faced and coming home at 8am, everything you describe has been something humans have been dealing with forever. We can make it work again.

I also totally agree with you, I don't want to go back. . . I just understand that I have to pay for that privilege. lol

[–] Horsey 18 points 1 month ago* (last edited 1 month ago) (4 children)

The only friends I have, including myself, that own their home are those with dead parents.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 1 month ago* (last edited 1 month ago)

I know of other situations. Sometimes they give well still alive to avoid the taxes, haha.

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[–] Sanctus 17 points 1 month ago

If you want to tackle this you have to take on inequality. Now we all know if corporates weren't allowed to pillage profits for themselves, and had a salary tied to their lowest employee, this would go a long way to improving inequality and that alone could offer a lot of people a lot of opportunities. But as long as you have a system where people have to collect arbitrary numbers to acquire necessities there is going to be inequality.

[–] [email protected] 13 points 1 month ago (1 children)

We have never lived in a meritocracy. That is just some bullshit billionaires will tell you while you work yourself into an early grave.

And here's some free life advice: If you can stand to be around your parents once you reach early adulthood, continue to live with them. Life is cheaper in groups. Pay some rent and your share, but you'll find it a lot easier to save money for your own place when some leech landlord isn't funnelling all your hard earned money off to their own retirement fund.

[–] Dkarma 4 points 1 month ago (5 children)

Yes and no. Back in the 50s-90s you could really either live cheaply or work hard and get ahead with some skill and some luck.

Now you can't really do either.

Ask ppl in their 80s if they ever worried about their kids being able to make a living by hard work alone and they'll tell you no every time.

That opportunity to get ahead by hard work is gone... But it used to be there for everyone

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[–] [email protected] 13 points 1 month ago* (last edited 1 month ago)

I believe this is the main source of unfairness in my country. I have a good pay, but most of it goes for housing. So I live the same life as someone who works for a minimum wage if they inherited their home or can live with their parents.

Even though I had to work and invest way more to get to my salary.

But what is even worse is that in eyes of our government I am considered rich and I get no social benefits and I also pay way more taxes than those who are "poor".

[–] scarabic 7 points 1 month ago

I bought my first home half with money I’d saved by working, and half with some money I inherited from my grandparents. I was also able to buy with only 10% down because it was 2005, leading up to the sub-prime mortgage scandal, and they were giving out mortgages very easily.

Fast forward some years.

I reluctantly rented my place out for a couple of years because I needed to move myself and the mortgage was underwater following the 2006 crash caused by all those sub prime mortgages. I rented to a nice couple and although I gave them a very attractive rent and treated them as well as possible, there was no question that their rent money got me through that housing crisis and eventually allowed me to sell at a significant profit instead of losing my ass.

When I sold, I offered my renters a deal to move out. They took it, and said that they were buying their own place as they had inherited a small amount recently.

For me this was a perfect example of how, just because my grandparents died a few years before theirs, I was their landlord and not the other way around. I got protection for my investment on their dollar. And once they too got the benefit of inheritance, they were able to graduate to the next level themselves.

Years later I’ve remained a homeowner and am sitting on multiple millions in equity from all the appreciation during that time. My remaining mortgage payments are about 1/3 of what it would cost to rent the same home. My wife’s younger siblings, by contrast, can’t even afford to buy under any circumstances because the market is so high. And of course lending standards are much more strict now.

For me this is a perfect example of generational advantage. Here I am sitting pretty just because I’m 10 years older than them, while they have to move out of state just to get a start.

Anyone who thinks this is a fair and equal opportunity economy is a damn fool. As long as you are competing against people who have advantages you don’t, it doesn’t matter whether your theoretical opportunities are equal. You’re going to lose and wind up in servitude of those who won.

[–] [email protected] 7 points 1 month ago

I was able to migrate over to work and study because my family paid for the trip and even though the deal was that I were to work and be by myself I could always call to ask for emergency money. I did that twice, one for paying for my college inscription and other for rent. Without that I wouldn't had the comfortable life I have today.

[–] [email protected] 7 points 1 month ago* (last edited 1 month ago)

I'm in this picture, and I do not like it. Well, okay, it's better than not being in this picture. When I die I'm going to give as much as possible to charity, for what it's worth.

This is the picture we know, but the Bank of Mum and Dad is not just a luxury confined to the 1% – it is also evident in families like mine. I grew up in a working-class household and was the first person in my family to get a degree, but it was the fact my parents had scrimped in the 1980s to purchase properties in London (and allowed me to crash in one throughout my 20s) that has arguably been the true source of opportunities in my life.

Hate to break it to the author, but that sounds like somebody who started in the (upper?) middle class, and now is in the 5% at least. That's properties plural, in London. C'mon, everyone with money points to someone they know that's the next digit up so they can be just average. I find that tacky.

Edit: Okay, I actually read the article. The author points that out themselves:

But is this really the true story? Or have I just fed you a “working-class done good” tale, because that’s how I attempt to justify my own exceedingly privileged position? One academic investigation into the Bank of Mum and Dad found that its beneficiaries tend to frame this considerable financial support not in terms of their own individual privilege, but as evidence of their parents’ hard work and upward mobility. Whereas once parents lived vicariously through their children’s successes, now it seems their kids live vicariously through their parents’ struggles. And there lies the problem.

I'd also like to draw attention to this bit, which really resonates:

Young people’s frustration is so pronounced these days because this reality runs contrary to what we were told growing up. Then the message was, work hard, get a degree and you will be rewarded.

I literally don't know of anyone this actually worked for, at least at the current stage of our lives. What were the teachers smoking?

[–] [email protected] 6 points 1 month ago

This tracks from my experience.

[–] jaggedrobotpubes 6 points 1 month ago

Well, wages are shit and prices are unjustifiably high. So yeah, you fall to the safety net or the ground.

[–] johannesvanderwhales 4 points 1 month ago

Gonna be honest, income inequality is awful in America, but this post feels more like sour grapes.

[–] Sam_Bass 2 points 1 month ago

you all might. my folks were never that well off. my mom had to work cashier jobs the first 5 years of me and my sis life and those jobs were chumpchange even then

[–] [email protected] 2 points 1 month ago

Nice to finally see someone talk about this. Every time I see those popular posts on reddit litigating how good their boomer parents have it, all I can hear is cry-bragging about how wealthy they are.

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