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Not quite correct. For html, that is to signal standard compliance, you can leave it away and the browser will still handle it. For the bash one, all (most) shell scripts use .sh, so you need to give a shebang to tell the loader which executable (sh, bash, zsh, csh, ...) to use
Also on Linux xdg does take file extensions into account, just executables do not
You can start steam just fine without the packages. In fact, if you install without them, it'll ask you to install them every time, but you can skip that and it'll work, just 32bit games won't launch
Edit: Looks like I'm partially wrong, as pointed out by a commenter below, steam currently only launches the 32-bit version of the client, despite support for a 5l64-bit client
Eine Minute später kommt der Zug, der vor zwei Stunden kommen hätte sollen, neues Problem
It'sintended to be used when the cookies are actually required for the app to work. For example, to preserve your login, you need a cookie, no way around. Unfortunately, as mentioned by others, it's often abused
Does "Database > Merge from Database" not work for your case? I remember it helping when I had a similar situation
Secure boot means only signed code can run in the kernel/ring 0. Grub, as the loader, needs to be signed as well. Basically anything with system privileges needs to be signed. If I remember right you need to enroll the signing key on installation, and the rest is handled automatically, but you can't use any custom kernel or kernel drivers.
Not a problem if you stick to Ubuntu packages. All packages in the default apt repositories contain signed stuff, so you can install drivers (graphics, virtualbox, ...) like normal. I had it accidentally enabled when I initially installed and only noticed when I tried to build custom drivers myself.
When everything closes, are you sure that's the lock screen and not the login screen? It sounds like cinnamon is crashing, which means you're automatically switched back to the display manager (login screen). This can sometimes show the boot logo while it's switching, happens on my laptop as well, noy sure why that is.
If it is crashing, you might find the cause in the logs, run journalctl -e and dmesg to check for errors
555 is still in beta, so I wouldn't be surprised if something doesn't work. That said, I haven't experienced what you have (on GTX 1070 TI), though using 555 causes lots of kernel errors for me. Checking dmeg might reveal something in your case as well.
Usually we don't distinguish between many2one and one2many, since it's the same just viewed from the other entity.
There is one more class though, which is one2one. That is, the entities have a direct relationship. Sometimes this also includes the case where you have zero or one, i.e. the relation is optional on one side. This can be accomplished with an FK plus unique constraint or by merging the tables.
Love the expressions in this