1: There's a preference under settings for that.
2: Fair, practice more.
3: There's a setting to automount internal drives at boot.
4: Are you running a USB live OS, some of those kernels might have issues with certain hardware. Otherwise, there's a setting where you can choose the sound processing pathway and boost the signal if necessary.
5: You plug a printer, click print, then paper goes out. It's trivially easy on Linux to print anything as long as it is USB, wireless printers are a bit finicky but overall just as functional.
Diagnosis: skill issue.