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Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).

Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.

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ELI5: What is an immutable OS, in practical terms? (feddit.de)

submitted 2 years ago* (last edited 2 years ago) by [email protected] to c/[email protected]

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I've heard of immutable OS's like Fedora Silverblue. As far as I understand it, this means that "system files" are read-only, and that this is more secure.

What I struggle to understand is, what does that mean in practical terms? How does installing packages or configuring software work, if system files can't be changed?

Another thing I don't really understand is what the benefits as an end user? What kinds of things can I do (or can be done by malware or someone else) to my Arch system that couldn't be done on an immutable system? I get that there's a security benefit just in that malware can't change system files -- but that is achieved by proper permission management on traditional systems too.

And I understand the benefit of something declarative like NixOS or Guix, which are also immutable. But a lot of OS's seem to be immutable but not purely declarative. I'm struggling to understand why that's useful.

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[–] [email protected] 1 points 2 years ago* (last edited 2 years ago)

You don't have to be perfect or make zero mistakes. You just have to be careful with a couple things like sudo rm -rf and overriding warnings when you try to uninstall system packages. This is not rocket science and has not been for decades. The average user is not the worst-case user. More frequently something specific is broken, like ssh, so that it would be more useful to have file versioning.