this post was submitted on 02 Aug 2023
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I have experience in creating supervised learning networks. (not large language models) I don't know what tokens are, I assume they are output nodes. In that case I think increasing the output nodes don't make the Ai a lot more intelligent. You could measure confidence with the output nodes if they are designed accordingly (1 node corresponds to 1 word, confidence can be measured with the output strength). Ai-s are popular because they can overcome unknown circumstances (most of the cases), like when you input a question slightly different way.
I agree with you on that Ai has a problem understanding the meaning of the words. The Ai's correct answers happened to be correct because the order of the words (output) happened to match with the order of the correct answer's words. I think "hallucinations" happen when there is no sufficient answers to the given problem, the Ai gives an answer from a few random contexts pieced together in the most likely order. I think you have mostly good understanding on how Ai-s work.
You seem like you are familiar with back-propogation. From my understanding, tokens are basically just a bit of information that is assigned a predicted fitness, and the token with the highest fitness is then used for back-propogation.
Eli5: im making a recipe. At step 1, i decide a base ingredient. At step 2, based off my starting ingredient, i speculate what would go good with that. Step 3 is to implement that ingredient. Step 4 is to start over at step 2. Each "step" here would be a token.
I am also not a professional, but I do do a lot of hobby work that involves coding AI's. As such, if I am incorrect or phrased that poorly, feel free to correct me.
I did manage to write a back-propogation algorithm, at this point I don't fully understand the math behind back-propogation. Generally back-propogation algorithms take the activation, calculate the delta(?) with the activation and the target output (only on last layer). I don't know where tokens come in. From your comment it sounds like it has to do something in a unsupervised learning network. I am also not a professional. Sorry if I didn't really understand your comment.
Mathematically, I have no idea where the tokens come in exactly. My studies have been more conceptual than actually getting down to the knitty-gritty, for the most part.
But conceptually, from my understanding, tokens are just a variable that is assigned a speculated fitness, then used as the new "base" data set.
I think chicken would go good in this, but beef wouldn't be as good. My token is the next ingredient i am deciding to put in.
You guys should all check out Andrej Karpathy's neural networks zero to hero videos. He has one on LLMs that explains all this.
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