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I would love to see a detailed technical explanation for how this would be possible.
I design battery-powered electronics for a living and I can't think of any design that would let a battery explode with the violence these did, let alone on command. Unless it were deliberate.
Best I can get is figuring out a way to reuse some pins on the uc to isolate two or three caps to use as voltage pumps and then dump the whole thing at once into the battery.
I somehow suspect Electroboom is going to get a lot of new viewers in the next few days
Reading a bit more into it, seems all of them were ~~Motorola~~ Apollo Gold pagers (I stand corrected), so they had to have exploited the li-on charging pins to either create a loop causing thermal runaway, or spam different voltage discharging signals via their payload. Regardless, it's a truly impressive exploit.
You must have read that wrong - this was clearly committed by Israeli super spy Moty Rola.
Seriously though - they were all from a single Iranian supplier, not Motorola (at least according to every source I can find)
Yeah, news still coming in, hard to make sense of it all. I am now seeing models in the attack as being: Apollo Gold AP-700, AP-900 and AR-924.
Ap-900 Battery electrical specs: 10-30VDC or 8-18VAC Input 3-40VDC/25VAC Standby <10mA Active <100mA Tolerance -10'C ~ +50'C
Ah. So the G_Apollo AL-A25 logic chip used in these models is programmable and unlocked by default lol.
Programmable chip responsible:
GAPOLLO AL-A25_6 RA5794.1 chip = AP-900 and AR-924 models
Do you have a datasheet link for that chip? I get results for a different pager module when I include "AL-A25_6" and zero results with only "RA5794.1"
The newer gapollo ALA25v6 by Apollo is in Farsi and I am having trouble translating from pdf, but I found an older one for the ala25v4 in English here:
https://www.manualslib.com/manual/1198103/Gold-Apollo-Al-A25.html?page=23&term=voltage&selected=1#manual
The original is down now or being flooded:
https://www.apollopagers.com/support/al-a25-gold-pc-programming-manual/
Here's your detailed tech possible explanation with citations:
Pagers known used in the attack were Apollo Gold AP-700, AP-900 and AP-924, which all use the same ALA25 programmable logic chip.
If you google the Gold Apollo AL-A25 Programming Manual and look for battery gauge inputs, you can see it is possible to program the voltage ranges.
By setting the battery gauge level-high to an invalid selection that is also greater than the low level it creates a bridge between the anode and cathode, resulting in thermal runaway which will in fact cause the battery to overload and explode due to the increased temperatures.
We've done this using similar batteries on battery backed write cache controllers sitting in a nema-3 enclosure just to see what the tolerances are.
Edit Citations:
https://www.mitsubishicritical.com/resources/blog/thermal-runaway/
https://www.apollopagers.com/support/al-a25-gold-pc-programming-manual/
https://www.manualslib.com/manual/1198103/Gold-Apollo-Al-A25.html?page=23&term=voltage&selected=1#manual
Programmable chip responsible:
GAPOLLO AL-A25_6 RA5794.1 chip = AP-900 and AR-924 models
Just so you know, we can tell you don't know what any of that means.
I'm just wondering if they know what citations are
Oh please educate me troll. I am waiting.
First part of this is gibberish. Second part is just describing a short of the battery, which will destroy it, but is completely inconsistent with video footage which shows small high explosive charges going off. That is not how battery shorts happen. This was not done in software, there were actually explosives installed in the devices as reports are starting to now state. But you know, good job on the sheer volume of words you wrote.
Surprised you responded, I'll respond back later when I get home so I can share the level of detail it is I am talking about.
Nothing you say will make a lithium ion battery into a high explosive. There is no combination of words you can say that will make that true.
So wait, you come storming in trolling fake bs fake. Then I come back with citations that I sincerely forgot, you then respond with zero evidence to the contrary to "educate me" and go out of your way to just shut down, cross your arms and pout?
Yeah. really, sincerely, you have zero ethics.
Your citations aren't relevant . Link dumping nonsense isn't an argument. This attack was done through hardware manipulation, not merely software on otherwise normal hardware. Nothing you said even begins to refute that. There are millions of videos of Lithium Ion battery thermal runaway and none of them look anything like the videos of these pagers exploding. You're just wrong. Take the L bruh.
Thank you for reminding me, edited in the citations. Back to work.
Same here. Like, there has to be some kind of specific vulnerability in these pagers, right? You can't just "heat up the battery," you need something that will actually use the power. If the pagers weren't compromised between the manufacturer and the recipients, then there's some major fuckery afoot.
Being in IT and having worked on asics, breadboard design, lsf, dgx and others for a storage chip design company, it's not exactly rocket science to overload a small battery so much it heats up above 140''F/60'C that it combusts.
Here's the initial report:
https://www.lbcgroup.tv/news/lebanon-news/796406/understanding-the-pager-and-how-it-can-explode/en
Not what happened here, and you're still wrong.