Archaeology
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About
Archaeology or archeology[a] is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscapes.
Archaeology has various goals, which range from understanding culture history to reconstructing past lifeways to documenting and explaining changes in human societies through time.
The discipline involves surveying, excavation, and eventually analysis of data collected, to learn more about the past. In broad scope, archaeology relies on cross-disciplinary research. Read more...
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Archaeology 101:
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University and Field Work:
- Archaeological Fieldwork Opportunities Bulletin
- University Archaeology (UK)
- Black Trowel Collective Microgrants for Students
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Professional Organisations:
- Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (UK)
- BAJR (UK)
- Association for Environmental Archaeology
- Archaeology Scotland
- Historic England
FOSS Tools:
- Diamond Open Access in Archaeology
- Tools for Quantitative Archaeology โ in R
- Open Archaeo: A list of open source archaeological tools and software.
- The Open Digital Archaeology Textbook
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Art is not even exclusive to human-like species in general. Just to give an example, check out the mating ritual of puffer fish.
https://www.livescience.com/63627-pufferfish-sand-art-video-reddit.html
If fish show an interest in creating visually appearing structures, why should it be any different for early primates? I would rather expect that more or less each species has individual forms of art. Although we as humans might not be capable to understand them.
How do we know if a dog peeing in the park is really just marking the area as its own? What if they're on purpose creating some kind of smelly art for their fellow doggos?
Birds are to me the perfect candidates:
Nest decoration
Birds steal shiny things because.. they're shiny, no real utility.
Self decoration.
On stealing: Some studies says that they also gain pleasure from stealing challenging objects, specially from humans, and that they treat the object as a kind of trophy.
Our dogs arrange bones as art, every day a new configuration. Sometimes they even look pleased to show me. They also sing, together with other dogs, and some of this singing gets really complex. (If life gives you howling dogs at night, you enjoy the show.) Expression takes all sorts of forms.
The land I live on looks a little bleak and remote, but there's art everywhere! It is covered in boulders, some shaped, and lots of them have intricate hollows in them. Looks like they could have been made by rubbing a smaller rock against the boulder. There's one such composition shaped like a hand. There's some holes so large you can sit in them, right next to a water source, perfectly fitted for two people and a child. I imagine the large flat bits might have been painted at times. The landscape must have looked beautiful back then!