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Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).

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Which Linux distro for beginners (with requirements) (programming.dev)

submitted 1 month ago by [email protected] to c/[email protected]

26 comments fedilink hide all child comments

cross-posted from: https://programming.dev/post/19622913

A friend of someone related doesn't have a laptop nowadays, but needs one. Now we have 2 old laptops at home, and we want to give her one so she can do some things on it. Since she isn't used to laptops and the old laptops wouldn't run a Windows 11 (I don't want to install a Win10 because of end of support and lacking security features), I guess installing a simple Linux is fine. Now comes the big question: Which Linux distro should I install? (see requirements below)

Laptops:

Acer Aspire ES 15, AMD dual-core E1-7010 @1.5 GHz, 4GB RAM, 1000 GB HDD

HP Pavilion 17-e030ez, Intel Pentium @2.4 GHz, 4GB RAM, 10000 GB HDD (I'd choose this)

Tasks:

Office Stuff (I thought about OnlyOffice)

Internet surfing

Banking via Web

Requirements:

needs to have full German support

needs an easy software installation center

should be easy to learn

optionally, her friends (which probably use Windows/ Mac) should be able to help her (since she never had a laptop before)

eventually German forum/ German Guides

I'm using Linux/ Manjaro for myself but don't have any experience with beginner-friendly distros. I used a KDE neon for some time and also have used Ubuntu, and to be honest, they seem beginner-friendly too.

Please let me know your opinions, thanks!

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[–] [email protected] 12 points 1 month ago* (last edited 1 month ago) (2 children)

I've got a lot of experience in that domain, since I've upgraded/installed by helping 7-8 friends & family to switch to linux in the last year here in Greece.

So the two most important things here is the speed of the CPU, and the amount of RAM. With 4 GB RAM on both laptops, means you need to aim for XFCe or Cinnamon, not gnome/kde, and not generally heavy distros like ubuntu/fedora. Also, you need to instruct them to not open a gazillion browser tabs, they will hit the swap (and eventually crashes) with 4 GB of ram.

The Acer laptop scores only 600 points on the Passmark CPU test, which means that it's only good for XFCE. So I'd suggest the Linux Mint XFCE edition.

The HP laptop has 1400 points, which are plenty to run Cinnamon (the default Linux Mint edition). For comparison, most new laptops sold today have over 12,000 cpu points, some go to 30,000.

Mint is the easiest to update, and install new software, and it will provide a familiar look to the user. I highly suggest though a few changes done by you before you give them back their laptops (if you're the one making the installation):

[Cinnamon HP laptop]

Install the Cinnamenu panel addon, to provide a more modern look to the main menu (and then modify it to look nice)
Install the dconf-editor and disable tap-n-drag. This default behavior can drive mad Windows users.

[XFce Acer laptop]

Modify the looks of the window manager to not have too many buttons, make it more windows-like.
Unfortunately, tap-n-drag is not possible to be disabled on XFce

[for both laptops]

Download Chrome. While Firefox is the preferred browser, Chrome is actually faster (particularly on youtube), and it consumes less RAM (tick its checkbox to consume less ram in the settings). This is seen as an anathema here, but the truth is, in lower end spec PCs, the speed difference between the two browsers is apparent.
Setup their youtube to play at 480p by default, and disable autoplay. Anything else will be very taxing to the cpu.
Install games from the repos for them, so they don't waste all their space with flatpaks later. Simple games like: sudo apt install aisleriot ltris gweled xye lbreakhouthd frozen-bubble gnome-mahjongg gnome-chess stockfish
Second keyboard language if they require it
Set up the power options to make sense
Create a webapp launcher for Photopea (using the chrome option, as it's twice faster on photopea than firefox), so they have a photoshop clone easily accessible (gimp won't cut it).
Set up the distro to be able to run appimages (test it with the new version of kdenlive for example from their website)
Install OnlyOffice appimage and set it up in the menus. Onlyoffice provides better msoffice file compatibility than libreoffice.
Install ublock origin or lite on the browsers, to avoid most ads and speed up the experience.

[–] [email protected] 5 points 1 month ago (2 children)

Wow... thanks for this detailed info & guide! I'll probably use the HP laptop with Mint Cinnamon, cause I don't like that old retro look of xfce. A friend told me to try Lubuntu too, so let's see.

I didn't know about that Chrome/ Firefox performance "issue" on old laptops, so thank you! Isn't there a way to disable flatpak at all? Thought on my Manjaro I could disable it, so eventually there is an option there too. OnlyOffice and uBlock were my guesses too. I'll probably set up NextDNS and KDE Connect too.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 1 month ago

The XFce version of Linux Mint is not the same as the default XFce. It's been modified to look like the default Cinnamon Linux Mint. You can't tell them apart most of the time, so it doesn't look retro. At 600 points of cpu, xfce can run well, and work better than Lubuntu. Lubuntu is great for less than 400 points cpu, but if you have more than that, you are wasting your user experience (the xfce linux mint edition is much better than lubuntu's in user experience).

I suggest you don't disable flatpaks, you just disable it from the menu so it's not visible to be clicked. But let it in, just in case it's needed. Right click on the cinnamenu (if you install that), open preferences, and then open menu editor. There, you can make the flatpack menu entry invisible.

[–] beerclue 3 points 1 month ago (1 children)

That guide is great. Also, you can easily find some extra ram on eBay or Kleinanzeigen. I strongly recommend adding at least 4gb. Switching from a 1tb HDD to a 128-256gb SSD should also be pretty affordable and it will do wonders speed wise.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 1 month ago (1 children)

She doesn't have much money for a new laptop and since she won't use it often, it's enough to check mail, e-banking, ... And we have some old laptops at home nobody uses, so we thought we could give it to her as a gift.

Eventually, she'll buy a new ~400$ laptop later with some good specs, but that's not in the upcoming months. But thanks for the help.

[–] beerclue 1 points 1 month ago

Check your pms.

[–] mrvictory1 1 points 1 month ago (1 children)

For YT I'd recommend enhanced-h264ify for best performance. Also FF with real ublock but that's personal preference. In my experience on low end YT is slow no matter the browser.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 1 month ago

Yep, I run these, especially since I have a couple of raspberry pis, that you can't do without these.