I am Silver 3 and I played a lot of caitlyn with the normal items. I'm bored of it and I was looking at the attack speed run and thinking "Why do we always take this.. sure the dps is higher but what if I take the extra ad" so I took it and I played a game and it felt pretty good.
I then built a lethality item and I really loved the damage coming out of the EQ combo. I tried a bunch of builds and I have settled on Serrated dirk > Collector > IE > BT > Storm razer/LDR For boots I normally sit on tier 1 until IE is done.
I have gotten a lot of shit for this because its a crap build. But its working for me and I have tried peoples suggestions of going Yommu's > collector > sedge and it doesnt feel as good.
For runes I take fleet footwork, PoM, Alarcity, coup. Then AF and gathering storm.
For combo AA > E > Q > AA
lvl 2 damage with longsword is 462
lvl 5 damage with dirk is 712
lvl 9 damage with collector is 1286
Your build is absolutely fine and won't hinder you from winning games in silver elo.
After taking a look at your opgg, I would suggest focusing on improving your cs/m and minimizing deaths.
That being said, target dummy dps does not really tell the whole story.
In some games where you are against an armor-heavy enemy team, buying collector will delay the point where you can actually deal significant damage to the enemy frontline.
As for Infinity Edge, it certainly has its value, but in some games you might find that you need the extra mobility that galeforce provides since you will be dealing 0 dmg when dead or zoned.
Obviously, if you are not yet comfortable using galeforce then IE will be better in every game.