veganpizza69

joined 2 years ago
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[–] veganpizza69 2 points 5 hours ago (2 children)

It's good to that you recognize that cheese is extremely bourgeois.

[–] veganpizza69 1 points 20 hours ago

Yes. Cats too.

[–] veganpizza69 23 points 21 hours ago

Did the Atlanta city workers get training from the IDF?

[–] veganpizza69 0 points 22 hours ago

Easier to pronounce with a mouthful of chicken flesh?

[–] veganpizza69 0 points 3 days ago (1 children)

LOL,

This volume of the IARC Monographs provides evaluations of the consumption of red meat and the consumption of processed meat. An IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of the consumption of red meat and processed meat. The Working Group assessed more than 800 epidemiological studies that investigated the association of cancer (more than 15 types) with consumption of red meat or processed meat, including large cohorts in many countries, from several continents, with diverse ethnicities and diets.

I don't think you understand what they do. https://www.iarc.who.int/branches-esc-research/

[–] veganpizza69 0 points 3 days ago

Cancer risk in humans is very strongly tied to insulin resistance,

One old paper for a prospective study with a correlations about getting older? What could go wrong?

Although the experimental findings we have presented are relatively straight-forward, we can only speculate as to why a variety of age-related diseases might be linked to insulin resistance and/or hyperinsulinemia. In this context, it is worth noting that caloric restriction, in both invertebrates and mammals, leads to a decrease in age-related morbidities and enhanced life span, associated with enhanced insulin sensitivity, and lower glucose and insulin concentrations (33–37).

Aha, and the authors admit that it's speculation.

It's similar to the Vitamin D correlations. Are people with these chronic 'Western' diseases dying from Vitamin D deficit, or do people who work indoors, stand and sit a lot, drive everywhere and likely have on time to cook decent meals get these chronic diseases?

Here's a different hypothesis:

Ketones and lactate “fuel” tumor growth and metastasis: Evidence that epithelial cancer cells use oxidative mitochondrial metabolism - PMC

Previously, we proposed a new model for understanding the “Warburg effect” in tumor metabolism. In this scheme, cancer-associated fibroblasts undergo aerobic glycolysis and the resulting energy-rich metabolites are then transferred to epithelial cancer cells, where they enter the TCA cycle, resulting in high ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation. We have termed this new paradigm “The Reverse Warburg Effect.” Here, we directly evaluate whether the end-products of aerobic glycolysis (3-hydroxy-butyrate and L-lactate) can stimulate tumor growth and metastasis, using MDA-MB-231 breast cancer xenografts as a model system. More specifically, we show that administration of 3-hydroxy-butyrate (a ketone body) increases tumor growth by ∼2.5-fold, without any measurable increases in tumor vascularization/angiogenesis. Both 3-hydroxy-butyrate and L-lactate functioned as chemo-attractants, stimulating the migration of epithelial cancer cells. Although L-lactate did not increase primary tumor growth, it stimulated the formation of lung metastases by ∼10-fold. Thus, we conclude that ketones and lactate fuel tumor growth and metastasis, providing functional evidence to support the “reverse Warburg effect.” Moreover, we discuss the possibility that it may be unwise to use lactate-containing i.v. solutions (such as lactated Ringer's or Hartmann's solution) in cancer patients, given the dramatic metastasis-promoting properties of L-lactate. Also, we provide evidence for the upregulation of oxidative mitochondrial metabolism and the TCA cycle in human breast cancer cells in vivo, via an informatics analysis of the existing raw transcriptional profiles of epithelial breast cancer cells and adjacent stromal cells. Lastly, our findings may explain why diabetic patients have an increased incidence of cancer, due to increased ketone production, and a tendency towards autophagy/mitophagy in their adipose tissue.

quote from the paper:

Thus, our current observations may also explain the close and emerging association between diabetes and cancer susceptibility.20 A number of elegant studies have been carried out in mouse animal models to assess this association and chemical induction of diabetes in rats with streptozocin is sufficient to enhance tumor growth.21 Similarly, acute fasting in rodent animal models is also sufficient to dramatically increase tumor growth.22 Both of these experimental conditions (diabetes and fasting/starvation) are known to be highly ketogenic and, thus, are consistent with our current hypothesis that ketone production fuels tumor growth. Finally, given our current findings that ketones increase tumor growth, cancer patients and their dieticians may want to re-consider the use of a “ketogenic diet” as a form of anti-cancer therapy.


which the carnivore diet avoids (by not introducing glucose).

Are you aware of the phenomenon of "use it or lose it" ? It should be familiar to those interested in muscle building. Do you think that it doesn't apply to the pancreas?

Lack of insulin production is a possible pathway for the pancreas atrophying:

Currently, in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients, the reduction of pancreas size might be accounted for by: (i) lack of insulin action on the exocrine pancreas resulting in tissue atrophy, as insulin is a potent growth factor for the exocrine pancreas (disruption of endocrine and exocrine relationship)

Which is to say that you're not challenging the pancreas with glucose, and that may make the pancreas "weak", which will be a surprise if you ever get out of ketosis.

[–] veganpizza69 0 points 3 days ago

You have RCTs for long-term effects like cancer formation? Cool, let's see:

Randomized trials (published in any language) comparing diets lower in red meat with diets higher in red meat that differed by a gradient of at least 1 serving per week for 6 months or more.

6 months you say?

There were few trials, most addressing only surrogate outcomes, with heterogeneous comparators and small gradients in red meat consumption between lower versus higher intake groups.

The longest study was 12 years long and their "meat gradient" was 20%. The study itself is weak as the participants didn't really stick to it (aside from the study being about postmenopausal women):

In conclusion, this long-term dietary intervention in postmenopausal women, intended to reduce fat intake and increase intake of vegetables, fruits, and grains, achieved an 8.2% of energy decrease in total fat intake but only a 2.9% of energy decrease in saturated fat intake and only modest increases in intakes of vegetables, fruits, and grains. The intervention did not reduce risk of CHD or stroke. To achieve a significant public health impact on CVD events, a greater magnitude of change in multiple macronutrients and micronutrients and other behaviors that influence CVD risk factors may be necessary. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/202339

this was also an interesting exclusion:

Eligibility criteria included being postmenopausal and consuming at baseline a diet with fat intake of 32% or more of total calories, as assessed by a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Major exclusions for WHI included prior breast or colorectal cancer, other cancers except nonmelanoma skin cancer in the last 10 years, medical conditions with predicted survival less than 3 years, and adherence concerns such as alcoholism. Additional trial-specific exclusions included type 1 diabetes and frequent consumption of meals prepared away from home.

And, yes, they used FFQ.

[–] veganpizza69 0 points 3 days ago (3 children)

Can you link to the actual meta-analysis so we can look at the science together?

It's the link post, the PDF can be downloaded from that page, somewhere on the top right side - "Download Free PDF".

 

 

Cancer risk across mammals | Nature

Cancer is a ubiquitous disease of metazoans, predicted to disproportionately affect larger, long-lived organisms owing to their greater number of cell divisions, and thus increased probability of somatic mutations1,2. While elevated cancer risk with larger body size and/or longevity has been documented within species3,4,5, Peto’s paradox indicates the apparent lack of such an association among taxa6. Yet, unequivocal empirical evidence for Peto’s paradox is lacking, stemming from the difficulty of estimating cancer risk in non-model species. Here we build and analyse a database on cancer-related mortality using data on adult zoo mammals (110,148 individuals, 191 species) and map age-controlled cancer mortality to the mammalian tree of life. We demonstrate the universality and high frequency of oncogenic phenomena in mammals and reveal substantial differences in cancer mortality across major mammalian orders. We show that the phylogenetic distribution of cancer mortality is associated with diet, with carnivorous mammals (especially mammal-consuming ones) facing the highest cancer-related mortality. Moreover, we provide unequivocal evidence for the body size and longevity components of Peto’s paradox by showing that cancer mortality risk is largely independent of both body mass and adult life expectancy across species. These results highlight the key role of life-history evolution in shaping cancer resistance and provide major advancements in the quest for natural anticancer defences.

 

Abstract

Several risk factors have been established for colorectal cancer, yet their direct mutagenic effects in patients' tumors remain to be elucidated. Here, we leveraged whole-exome sequencing data from 900 colorectal cancer cases that had occurred in three U.S.-wide prospective studies with extensive dietary and lifestyle information. We found an alkylating signature that was previously undescribed in colorectal cancer and then showed the existence of a similar mutational process in normal colonic crypts. This alkylating signature is associated with high intakes of processed and unprocessed red meat prior to diagnosis. In addition, this signature was more abundant in the distal colorectum, predicted to target cancer driver mutations KRAS p.G12D, KRAS p.G13D, and PIK3CA p.E545K, and associated with poor survival. Together, these results link for the first time a colorectal mutational signature to a component of diet and further implicate the role of red meat in colorectal cancer initiation and progression.

Significance:

Colorectal cancer has several lifestyle risk factors, but the underlying mutations for most have not been observed directly in tumors. Analysis of 900 colorectal cancers with whole-exome sequencing and epidemiologic annotations revealed an alkylating mutational signature that was associated with red meat consumption and distal tumor location, as well as predicted to target KRAS p.G12D/p.G13D.

[–] veganpizza69 5 points 3 days ago* (last edited 20 hours ago) (10 children)

Wait, I need to post some facts first.

edit: looks like they switched to mod-posting only. I was getting ready to rummage through my library of papers.

ㄟ( ▔, ▔ )ㄏ

[–] veganpizza69 61 points 5 days ago* (last edited 5 days ago) (3 children)
Virtue signaling is a good thing. The problem is lack of virtue, not presence of signals.
[–] veganpizza69 19 points 5 days ago
[–] veganpizza69 30 points 5 days ago (1 children)

how are they paying for the hosting?

608
new meme format (i.redd.it)
 
 
 

Spoiler:

spoilerIt's because of capitalism and fascists.

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