From what I understand, he was hoping for :
- Destroy the incoming alliance between our two Far Rights parties (that worked)
- That the trad right party would implode (that worked)
- That the left would self-combust like always (that did NOT happen)
And that he would thus be the 'only credible choice' against Far Right. (Note that in the last legislative elections, he was NOT given a majority in the National assembly so that he'd have to negotiate with other parties, which he refused to do anyway, except maybe with the small trad right wing party).
Obviously, that didn't work out. As other in the French subs have pointed out, he's an ex-banker. He's used to making risky bets. But now's first time where he has to assume the consequence if he looses it.
Culture wise? Probably. Institution wise though...?
Our current republic was founded by de Gaule, and our constitution was written by him as well. The thing, he's a millitary general, who (much like a good chunk of the French population at the time) held disdain toward parlementarism, due to the lack of stability of the Fourth Republic.
What that means? Our current system has much of the power concentrated in the hands of the gov (see 49.3 and to some extend 47.1 where the PM can just decide to override anu vote on law. It was something taboo, only used a fair few times before Macron, like once in 2014(?) and it ruined the PM (at the time Manuel Vals)'s carrier. Macron used it dozens of times throughout his years as President), leaving the National assembly with little manuveur than the censor motion (dissolves the current gov, but leaves the president in power).
That and Macron preparing to sell our public media and hospital to the private certainly don't give me mich confidence in that regards if the RN were to win (' •_•)