Sol3dweller

joined 1 year ago
[–] Sol3dweller 2 points 1 year ago (1 children)

Not the one you are asking but:

Why does battery technology not exist? It seems to be increasingly in use?

As for the question: a fairly good overview on balancing options and the challenges in decarbonizing the energy system is offered in the 6th assessment report by working group 3 of the IPCC (PDF). See Box 6.8 on page 675, which lists an overview on balancing options, where nuclear power is one of many:

There are many balancing options in systems with very high renewables (Milligan et al. 2015; Jenkins et al. 2018b; Mai et al. 2018; Bistline 2021a; Denholm et al. 2021).

• Energy storage. Energy storage technologies like batteries, pumped hydro, and hydrogen can provide a range of system services (Balducci et al. 2018; Bistline et al. 2020a) (Section 6.4.4). Lithium-ion batteries have received attention as costs fall and installations increase, but very high renewable shares typically entail either dispatchable generation or long-duration storage in addition to short-duration options (Jenkins et al. 2018b; Arbabzadeh et al. 2019; Schill 2020). Energy storage technologies are part of a broad set of options (including synchronous condensers, demand-side measures, and even inverter-based technologies themselves) for providing grid services (Castillo and Gayme 2014; EPRI 2019a).

• Transmission and trade. To balance differences in resource availability, high renewable systems will very likely entail investments in transmission capacity (Mai et al. 2014; Macdonald et al. 2016; Pleßmann and Blechinger 2017; Zappa et al. 2019) (Section 6.4.5) and changes in trade (Abrell and Rausch 2016; Bistline et al. 2019). These increases will likely be accompanied by expanded balancing regions to take advantage of geographical smoothing.

• Dispatchable (‘on-demand’) generation. Dispatchable generation could include flexible fossil units or low-carbon fuels such as hydrogen with lower minimum load levels (Denholm et al. 2018; Bistline 2019), renewables like hydropower, geothermal, or biomass (Hirth 2016; Hansen et al. 2019), or flexible nuclear (Jenkins et al. 2018a). The composition depends on costs and other policy goals, though in all cases, capacity factors are low for these resources (Mills et al. 2020).

• Demand management: Many low-emitting and high-renewables systems also utilise increased load flexibility in the forms of energy efficiency, demand response, and demand flexibility, utilising newly electrified end uses such as electric vehicles to shape demand profiles to better match supply (Ameli et al. 2017; Hale 2017; Brown et al. 2018; Imelda et al. 2018a; Bistline 2021a).

• Sector coupling: Sector coupling includes increased end-use electrification and PtX electricity conversion pathways, which may entail using electricity to create synthetic fuels such as hydrogen (Davis et al. 2018; Ueckerdt et al. 2021) (Sections 6.4.3, 6.4., 6.4.5, 6.6.4.3, and 6.6.4.6).

Deployment of integration options depends on their relative costs and value, regulations, and electricity market design. There is considerable uncertainty about future technology costs, performance, availability, scalability, and public acceptance (Kondziella and Bruckner 2016; Bistline et al. 2019). Deploying balanced resources likely requires operational, market design, and other institutional changes, as well as technological changes in some cases (Denholm et al. 2021; Cochran et al. 2014). Mixes will differ based on resources, system size, flexibility, and whether grids are isolated or interconnected.

Given the wealth of technological options and developments, why narrow down the view on a single solution and pretend that it is the only one?

[–] Sol3dweller 6 points 1 year ago

Die Auswahl "Gesamt" sollte auch die Stromproduktion in der Industrie (gesamte Nettostromerzeugung einschließlich der Kraftwerke der „Betriebe im verarbeitenden Gewerbe sowie im Bergbau und in der Gewinnung von Steinen und Erden“) umfassen. Also: mit Industrie.

 

From the report:

China is on track to double its utility-scale solar and wind power capacity and shatter the central government's ambitious 2030 target of 1,200 gigawatts (GW) five years ahead of schedule, if all prospective projects are successfully built and commissioned.

With 757 GW of already operating wind and solar, and an additional 750 GW of prospective wind and solar, the majority of which expected to come online by 2025, the central government's 2030 target is expected to be met 5 years ahead of schedule.

Nearly all of this prospective capacity is part of the government’s 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) and enough to increase the global wind fleet by nearly half and large utility-scale solar installations by over 85%.

[–] Sol3dweller 2 points 1 year ago

Yes, that is correct. The first half of 2023 was a new record low in electricity consumption for first half years (since 2015). You can also see that by toggeling the "Load" category. Extreme values in the tracked time period: maximum load 1,347 TWh in 2018 and minimum load this year with 1,219 TWh. Compared to last years first half there was:

  • a reduction of load by 79.7 TWh
  • a reduction of nuclear output by 11.9 TWh
  • a reduction of conventional output by 88.2 TWh
  • an increase of renewable output by 30.5 TWh

Finally to make the sums match up, we can look at the import balance: in the first half of 2022 the EU net imported 5.771 TWh, this year it net exported 4.23 TWh.

[–] Sol3dweller 3 points 1 year ago

Gute Frage, die ich leider nicht beantworten kann. Bei den Erläuterungen steht da leider nichts dazu. Soweit ich es verstanden habe kategorisiert die EU das Verbrennen von Haushaltsmüll als erneuerbar, ganz sicher bin ich mir allerdings nicht, und ich weiß auch nicht was unter nicht-erneuerbaren Müll fällt.

 

Konventionelle Energieträger produzierten im Juni 2023 nach den Daten auf energy-charts.info mit 14,259 TWh weniger Strom als im letzten Rekordtief für einen Juni, das in 2020 by 16,696 TWh lag.

Zugleich erzeugten die Erneuerbaren Energien im Juni mit 21 TWh mehr Strom als jemals zuvor in einem Juni (voriger Rekord in 2022 lag bei 19,386 TWh).

[–] Sol3dweller 2 points 1 year ago (2 children)

Solar power generation in June is on track to come within a hair’s breadth of the record set during an unusually sunny May in 2020 at about 20 gigawatt hours, according to Alastair Buckley, the professor of organic electronics at the University of Sheffield.

20 GWh for May 2020 seems to be wrong. According to ember-climate solar produced nearly 2 TWh in that month. Or is this referring to single day record?

 

geteilt von: https://lemmy.world/post/941882

According to the data gathered on energy-charts.info, the first half of 2023 saw the lowest production of electricity by fossil fuels since 2015. With 387 TWh (31.7% of load) from conventional sources it surpassed the previous low for a first half year of 400.9 TWh (32.1%) in 2020 by nearly 14 TWh or 3.5%.

At the same time renewables provided for more power than ever with 519.3 TWh providing 42.6% of the load.

Other records for a first half year in 2023 (see the bottom of the energy-charts page):

  • lowest nuclear power production

  • lowest fossil peat production

  • lowest load

  • highest pumped hydro usage (consumption+production)

  • highest offshore wind production (23.922 TWh)

  • highest onshore wind production (195.399 TWh)

  • highest solar power production (98.698 TWh)

This marks a notable shift towards green energy compared to the first half of 2022: renewables increased from 488.8 TWh in the first half of 2022 to 519.3 TWh in the first half this year, while fossil fuels decreased from 475.3 TWh to 387 TWh.

[–] Sol3dweller 3 points 1 year ago

Yes, I'm sorry if I presented that confusingly. That 31.7% is new record low for a first half year, both in terms of fraction of overall load and in absolute terms. The rebound after Corona was really short-lived and hopefully we'll see that record beaten every year from now on. Let's shoot for 0 fossil fuels!

 

According to the data gathered on energy-charts.info, the first half of 2023 saw the lowest production of electricity by fossil fuels since 2015. With 387 TWh (31.7% of load) from conventional sources it surpassed the previous low for a first half year of 400.9 TWh (32.1%) in 2020 by nearly 14 TWh or 3.5%.

At the same time renewables provided for more power than ever with 519.3 TWh providing 42.6% of the load.

Other records for a first half year in 2023 (see the bottom of the energy-charts page):

  • lowest nuclear power production

  • lowest fossil peat production

  • lowest load

  • highest pumped hydro usage (consumption+production)

  • highest offshore wind production (23.922 TWh)

  • highest onshore wind production (195.399 TWh)

  • highest solar power production (98.698 TWh)

This marks a notable shift towards green energy compared to the first half of 2022: renewables increased from 488.8 TWh in the first half of 2022 to 519.3 TWh in the first half this year, while fossil fuels decreased from 475.3 TWh to 387 TWh.