Generally, if bike+rider+groceries > 250 lbs, you may to see some deformation of the tires at recommended inflation levels. Don't overinflate, that just makes the tires/tubes more stressed out under heavy loads. Deformation is OK, just be careful of where you're riding when hauling a heavy load. Hitting a hole or something will be more likely to give you a flat and bust up your rim.
this post was submitted on 08 Jun 2023
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I don't think it's a good idea to ever inflate your tire above the pressure that is listed on the outside of the tire. Maybe your tire is supposed to have more pressure than 80 PSI?
Have you checked the outside of the tire to get the recommended PSI range (see image linked here)? Use that as your guide to how much pressure to put in the tires.
If you've inflated it to that pressure and the tire still looks off, take it into a local bike shop and have them take a look at it.
You can get special tyres designed for tandems that can handle more pressure / load.
80psi already sounds excessive, will the inner tube / tyre even take any more? It sounds like you would be better off upgrading the tyres themselves. Get something bigger that has slightly more area to distribute the weight you are carrying. Looking a bit "smooshed" isnt the worst thing as long as you arent hitting the rim or in danger of rolling the tyre off the rim itself.