Since none of the four options involve mounting this surge protector onto a metal pole, the other allowable option from the Ubiquiti quick start guide is to use a ground wire, which they call a "drain wire". Option B does not guarantee a ground connection if your home's water pipes use plastic piping for some sections, but the other three options would satisfy the Ubiquiti requirements.
However, only options A and D would satisfy the bonding requirement in the NEC -- assuming you're in the USA -- which prohibits using disparate ground rods for the same structure, ruling out option C.
So I would go with option A, as it guarantees a metallic path back to the existing grounding system at the main panel and is easy. The Ubiquiti document does not prohibit indoor mounting. And for the purpose of dissipating static charges or providing an emergency path to ground, reusing the probable 12 or 14 AWG ground wire from a junction box is perfectly acceptable.
What this Ubiquiti surge protector absolutely will not do is lightning protection, which is the one application where you would want option D (new ground rod bonded to existing system). But even then, a direct lightning strike will set any WiFi device ablaze; indirect nearby strikes though can be mitigated with surge protection, sometimes.