this post was submitted on 21 Feb 2024
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The domain name is sent in cleartext at the start of the connection so that the server knows which virtual server you are connecting to, and which encryption key should be used for the connection (as a single server may be serving multiple sites, which can use separate encryption keys). See e.g. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Name_Indication for a more detailed explanation.
So the VPN provider can see the site you are connecting to, but not the full URL, just like an ISP can.