Science

New research finds that sleep can be most efficient and restful for older adults when nighttime bedroom ambient temperature ranges between 68 to 77°F.

The see-through cephalopod was spotted by researchers exploring the deep sea surrounding Alaska's Aleutian Islands.

It's the first time the snake parasite has been seen in a human, let alone a brain.

An international research team including the University of Göttingen has described seven previously unknown species of leaf insects, also known as walking leaves. The insects belong to the stick and leaf insect order, which are known for their unusual appearance: they look confusingly similar to parts of plants such as twigs, bark or—in the case of leaf insects—leaves.

Is Your Smoothie Sabotaging Your Health? The Truth About PPO and Flavan-3-ols Do you know anything about flavan-3-ols? These bioactive substances, which may be found in a wide variety of fruits and vegetables, offer a wide range of health advantages. It turns out, however, that just combining fruits may not necessarily ensure that we obtain the full advantages of these substances. That's accurate! Just like a medical student's life involves more than just texts and anatomical illustrations, the

Korea is regarded as a "water-stressed nation." Although the country receives an annual precipitation of approximately 1,300mm, it is characterized by concentrated periods and specific regions, thereby giving rise to challenges stemming from water scarcity. The lack of drinking water extends beyond mere inconvenience, posing life-threatening implications for certain individuals.

Scientists have produced an oxide glass with unprecedented toughness. Under high pressures and temperatures, they succeeded in paracrystallizing an aluminosilicate glass: The resulting crystal-like structures cause the glass to withstand very high stresses and are retained under ambient conditions.

Researchers at the University of Ottawa, in collaboration with Danilo Zia and Fabio Sciarrino from the Sapienza University of Rome, recently demonstrated a novel technique that allows the visualization of the wave function of two entangled photons, the elementary particles that constitute light, in real-time.

Earth’s atmosphere holds six times more fresh water than all of its rivers combined. So is it possible to harvest that water, in areas where people have no other fresh water source? Purdue University researchers have crunched the numbers, and have the data to show which atmospheric water harvesting methods work best in different regions of the world.

Dramatic footage shows fire whirl spinning over a lake during an out-of-control wildfire in British Columbia.

In a groundbreaking endeavor, researchers at the University of Rochester have successfully transferred a longevity gene from naked mole rats to mice, resulting in improved health and an extension of the mouse's lifespan.

Hi, I'm not quite sure if this vhdl code and testbench is correct for the given task. Can you take a look?

Design a one-hour kitchen timer. The device should have buttons/switches to start and stop the timer, as well as to set the desired time interval for the alarm. Realize the task using the software package Quartus or in GHDL, confirm the correctness of the project task by simulation.

This is VHDL code:

use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use ieee.numeric_std.all;

entity Kitchen_Timer is
  port (
    clk   : in std_logic;    -- Clock input
    reset : in std_logic;    -- Reset input
    start : in std_logic;    -- Start button input
    stop  : in std_logic;    -- Stop button input
    alarm : out std_logic    -- Alarm output
  );
end entity Kitchen_Timer;

-- Declare the architecture for the kitchen timer
architecture Behavioral of Kitchen_Timer is
  signal count     : integer range 0 to 3600 := 0;   -- Counter for timer
  signal alarming  : std_logic := '0';               -- Signal to indicate alarming interval
  signal alarm_en  : std_logic := '0';               -- Signal to enable alarming interval
  signal alarm_cnt : integer range 0 to 600 := 0;    -- Counter for alarming interval
begin
  -- Process to control the kitchen timer and alarming interval
  process (clk, reset)
  begin
    if (reset = '1') then
      count     <= 0;
      alarming  <= '0';
      alarm_en  <= '0';
      alarm_cnt <= 0;
    elsif (rising_edge(clk)) then
      if (stop = '1') then
        count     <= 0;
        alarming  <= '0';
        alarm_en  <= '0';
        alarm_cnt <= 0;
      elsif (start = '1' and count < 3600) then
        count <= count + 1;
        if (count = 3600) then
          count     <= 0;
          alarming  <= '0';
          alarm_en  <= '0';
          alarm_cnt <= 0;
        elsif (count > 0) then
          alarm_en <= '1';
        end if;
      end if;

      if (alarm_en = '1') then
        if (alarm_cnt < 600) then
          alarm_cnt <= alarm_cnt + 1;
        else
          alarm_cnt <= 0;
          alarming  <= '1';
        end if;
      end if;
    end if;
  end process;

  -- Assign the alarm output
  alarm <= alarming;
end architecture Behavioral; ```

This is Testbench:

```library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;

entity tb_Kitchen_Timer is
end tb_Kitchen_Timer;

architecture tb of tb_Kitchen_Timer is

    component Kitchen_Timer
        port (clk   : in std_logic;
              reset : in std_logic;
              start : in std_logic;
              stop  : in std_logic;
              alarm : out std_logic);
    end component;

    signal clk   : std_logic;
    signal reset : std_logic;
    signal start : std_logic;
    signal stop  : std_logic;
    signal alarm : std_logic;

    constant TbPeriod : time := 1000 ns; -- EDIT Put right period here
    signal TbClock : std_logic := '0';
    signal TbSimEnded : std_logic := '0';

begin

    dut : Kitchen_Timer
    port map (clk   => clk,
              reset => reset,
              start => start,
              stop  => stop,
              alarm => alarm);

    -- Clock generation
    TbClock <= not TbClock after TbPeriod/2 when TbSimEnded /= '1' else '0';

    -- EDIT: Check that clk is really your main clock signal
    clk <= TbClock;

    stimuli : process
    begin
        -- EDIT Adapt initialization as needed
        start <= '0';
        stop <= '0';

        -- Reset generation
        -- EDIT: Check that reset is really your reset signal
        reset <= '1';
        wait for 100 ns;
        reset <= '0';
        wait for 100 ns;

        -- EDIT Add stimuli here
        wait for 100 * TbPeriod;

        -- Stop the clock and hence terminate the simulation
        TbSimEnded <= '1';
        wait;
    end process;

end tb;

-- Configuration block below is required by some simulators. Usually no need to edit.

configuration cfg_tb_Kitchen_Timer of tb_Kitchen_Timer is
    for tb
    end for;
end cfg_tb_Kitchen_Timer;```

 #science

Technology has the potential to make deep cuts to emissions of the potent greenhouse gas but requires major investment

Researchers have delved into molecular "de-extinction," studying ancient genomes for potential antibiotics. Their work unearthed antimicrobial molecules from Neanderthals and Denisovans, challenging traditional notions of protein functions and raising bioethical queries. “We need to think big in

Gain exclusive insights into the synergy of AI and technology in our AITech Interview with Ulf Zetterberg, Co-CEO at Sinequa. Explore the visionary perspectives of a leader driving innovation at the intersection of AI and business.

The rise and understandability of AI systems have become serious topics in the AI tech sector as a result of AI’s rise. The demand for Explainable AI (XAI) has increased as these systems become more complicated and capable of making crucial judgments. This poses a critical question: Does XAI have the capacity to completely replace human positions, or does it primarily empower human experts?

WHO declared the end of the Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) for COVID-19 on May 5, 2023, and for mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) on May 11, 2023. Throughout its use, the meaning of the term PHEIC has been muddled. We call for a new, objective epidemic scale that better communicates the potential severity of an epidemic to member states and the public, and the necessity of activating proportional responses.

Researchers have discovered that trapping light in specific magnetic materials can greatly amplify their properties, offering potential innovations like magnetic lasers and a fresh perspective on optically controlled magnetic memory. A groundbreaking study conducted by Vinod M. Menon and his team

Physicists are on an ever urgent quest to find a fuller understanding of what makes the cosmos tick, which they call a theory of everything

Sometimes less is more, Evolution.

Bronze Age cauldrons show we’ve always loved meat, dairy, and fancy cookware: Family feasts were the way to eat 5,000 years ago.
https://www.popsci.com/science/bronze-age-cauldrons-diet/
#science #archaeology #bronzeage #cookware #anthropology

Researchers have mapped how clusters of nerve cells in the brain connect to regulate wakefulness, which could open doors to new treatments for people in comas

Scientists have discovered and documented the largest known single dinosaur track site in Alaska. The site, located in Denali National Park and Preserve, has been dubbed "The Coliseum" by researchers.

Fundamental discovery and new technique could lead to better, safer rechargeable batteries. UCLA researchers have made a groundbreaking discovery that could enhance the safety and efficiency of lithium-metal batteries. By preventing corrosion during the deposition of lithium, the researchers foun